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Teed Rockwell
31st August 2002, 8.08 pm
Two ragas that work in Western music.

by Teed Rockwell

Here's another one of my Old Touchstyle Quarterly Columns. Enjoy!

Two ragas that work in Western music.

by Teed Rockwell


Bhoophali C D E G A c
1 2 3 5 6 8

Hindol C E F# A B A c c B A F# E C
1 3 4# 6 7 6 8 8 7 6 4# 3 1


Bhoopali is called the Pentatonic major scale in western music, and is used a lot in country music. If you want to make it sound like Indian Folk music instead, stay on one chord (country music usually modulates the pentatonic major to follow the chord progression). Another thing is to frequently play every other note in the scale, like this.

C E D G A d c e e c D A G D E C

Indian Musicians often say that this scale sounds Chinese to them, and when you put these leaps into it, it sounds Chinese to me, too.

Hindol is another Pentatonic scale, but a very strange one because it has no 5th, a raised 4th, and a lot of leaps. It is supposed to be a spring raga but it doesn't sounds like spring in America. It does remind me of spring in an Indian rain forest: steamy and seething with unpredictable life. I have also seen some evidence that this Rag has healing powers, so perhaps it does have mystical connections to the forces of natural growth.

This Rag also has what the Indians call Vakra Chal (zigzag movement). In this case, it means that instead of going straight up from 7 to 8 (B to high C), you must go from 7 back down to 6 and then up to 8. (B to A to high C). You can go from 8 to 7 in a descending scale, however, which is why I had to list the notes for hindol in both directions. Many Indian Scales are very different in the ascending (arohi) and descending (avarohi) note patterns. No one is going to force you to follow those rules, of course. But they are the only reason that any two rags are different from each other, because there is no set melody in a rag that is always played the same way twice.

The thing that is especially cool about these two Rags is that both of them are contained in Lydian Mode, and yet they sound completely different from each other. To hear Lydian mode, play a C chord in your left hand, and then play a C major scale with an F# in it instead of an F. You'll hear that it sounds kind of space-jazzy, because of the F#. Once you get comfortable with that, try playing in Bhoopali for a while, then in Hindol. You can alternative between these two scales at any time, because both of them are contained inside Lydian. Yet your solos will sound radically different, and probably make some people think you're actually changing keys.





If you were playing a country tune that had a chord progression like C-F-C-G, you would change scales to follow the chords: play first in C pentatonic major, then in F pentatonic major, then back to C, then G pentatonic major and so on. F and G pentatonic major start on F and G, and then use the same spacing relationship as the C pentatonic major.

Daniel Schell
4th September 2002, 5.03 pm
hello tappers

I read the nice post of Teed. there are a few things I wish to comment.
Bhupali is indeed the basic pentatonic C D E G A C'.
About its Chinese aspect.
yes this is one of the basic Chinese scales, but it should not sound 'Chinese' (taken in its comic sense).
The 'Chinese' sound will come first of all from the fact that we play a tempered instrument.
Then it is possible to use motive like
E E D E G, D C A, C D E
which will give it some emotional depth.

About the 'Lydian' scale
Bhupali is major but I do not see it as Lydian. Of course it is included in the Lydyan scale. Yaman sems to me the typical lydian rag, with its scale
B, D E F# G A B C' C' B A G F# E R C

And yes Hindol is very lydian too.

What do you think?

Best

Daniel Schell
:cool:

Teed Rockwell
7th September 2002, 7.23 pm
HI Daniel, Good to hear from you. Yes Bhupali doesn't sound Lydian to us. I think that's because we always hear all the other modes as being variations of Ionian or Aeolian, which we call "the" major and minor scales. Thus the thing that makes Lydian sound Lydian to us is the raised fourth because that is the only note that is not in Ionian. Because Bhupali does not have the raised fourth it doesn't sound Lydian to us. But because it has no fourth at all, it can be be alternated with other Lydian ragas without actually going out of Lydian. Daniel probably already knows this, but for the rest of you--when two ragas are played in succession or alternation like that it is called a Rag Mala. (or Garland of Ragas). Usually Rags that are combined in a Rag Mala are more closely related than these two. But I like the radical clash between two Ragas both of which are part of Lydian. Incidentally most Lydian Rags are named with ending Kalyan. (Such as Yeman Kalyan, Sham Kalyan etc.)

For those who want to hear more of what I have to say about Indian music check out the back issue pages at www.indiacurrents.com. I've been writing articles on Indian music for many years for that magazine, and most of them are there

Happy Tapping

Teed

Octavio Brito
30th May 2003, 6.41 pm
Hi Teed and Daniel:

I enjoyed your posts on Indian music, always a great source for improvisation. But I am unfamiliar with the musical shorthand that you are using.

What exactly does it mean to go from Upper case letters to lower case? I imagine that the ' indicate a pause? How about the "R" repeat?

Best Regards,

Octavio

ccc_xxx_ccc
30th May 2003, 10.51 pm
Im not sure. i need to see where is that this apears but normaly you would use upper case letters for major chords and lower case letters for minor chords. For example a C chord would be a major triad c = Cm.

This may come from roman numeral analisis in witch the tones are represented by roman numerals. and you would upper case or lower case the numeral according to the 3 note of that tone.

Tonal progresion following the major scale in RNA:
I, i, ii, III, IV, V, vi, vii

The R i think would mean "Root"

Hope it helps (and that what i just wrote is correct)

ccc_xxx_ccc
30th May 2003, 10.53 pm
wow, i didnt notice the lower case and uper case in previus posts. it might as well be a typo. ??

Octavio Brito
31st May 2003, 1.39 am
Greetings ccc xxx ccc!

Thanks for the input, but in terms of ragas, I don`t think that major and minor terms apply. From what I understand, these are individual notes to convey a mood or direction.

I was specifically reffering to Teed`s writing of the ragas as:

Hindol C E F# A B A c c B A F# E C and later as:

C E D G A d c e e c D A G D E C. 8va?

And then to Daniel`s post of:

B, D E F# G A B C' C' B A G F# E R C

I guess it could be a typo, but it seems deliberate.

Happy Tapping,

Octavio

Teed Rockwell
3rd June 2003, 4.03 am
HI Octavio,
As I remember it, The reason I put those small letters in was to indicate that the small letters were an octave higher than the big letters. When you use the Indian Solfagia system (Called Sargam) small letters are used ordinarily to indicate that the note is flatted (or Komal). But I didn't use that convention there, because I would assume that most people who visit this board are unfamiliar with Sargam

Teed

Octavio Brito
4th June 2003, 2.24 am
Thanks Teed:

If you don`t mind... a few more questions.

In the Indian solfege method, do you only study notes,or is there a rhythm associated?

Also, in terms of ear training, what would you suggest one use to get accustomed to the quarter tones?

Do the solfege studies reflect a certain raga at a time?

Can you suggest a book?

Thanks again,

Octavio

Teed Rockwell
5th June 2003, 10.14 pm
You asked:

In the Indian solfege method, do you only study notes,or is there a rhythm associated?

The Rhythmn is indicated by one letter for a quarter note, and putting "tie marks" underneath any letter to indicate eighth notes, then double-tie marks for a sixteenth note, and so on. It's a fairly clumsy system, developed only recently. Many Indian lineages still operate entirely by ear training.

Also, in terms of ear training, what would you suggest one use to get accustomed to the quarter tones?

You really need a teacher for that. Either that or just listening to the records very carefully.

Do the solfege studies reflect a certain raga at a time?

The combination of capital and small letters is what indicates whether each note of the scale is flatted or natural, and thus what the notes are in that particular raga.

Can you suggest a book?

The book I know best for my tradition is "The Classical Music of North India" by George Ruckert and Ali Akbar Khan. For a perspective on several other similar traditions try "Practice of Indian Music" by Daniel Schell. There is some overlap between both books, but enough difference that I would recommend working with both of them.

By the way, I am going to be playing a concert of Hindustani music with a tabla player on June 16th from 7 to 9 at Ajanta's Restaurant in Berkeley. (on Solano Avenue. ) Probably too far of a commute from Brazil, but there might be some California tappers who would be interested